LANDFILLS
Waste management is a matter of priority and prime concern to the government and administrative bodies. Secure Landfills are considered to be the best available technical option for the safe disposal of enormous quantities of solid wastes including municipal, industrial and hazardous chemical wastes generated by modern urban industrialized societies.
Layers Of Landfills
1.Groundwater
2.Compacted clay
3.Lining material
4.Collection pipe
5.Geotextile
6.Gravel
7.Drainage layer
8.Soil layer
9.Old Cells
10.New Cells
11.Leachete Pond
Scientific Landfills
Scientific Landfills consist of the following:
A basal lining system to prevent soil and groundwater contamination by pollutants from the wastes
A capping system to seal the waste when the capacity of the landfill is exhausted
Basal Lining System
The Basal Lining System consist of the following:
An impervious sealing layer, which prevents the entry of pollutants into the ground
A leachate collection system for the collection and transmission of leachates to a collection pit to ensure low hydraulic heads above the sealing layer
In some cases, a double liner is used for secondary leachate collection/leak detection system
Capping System
The Capping System consist of the following:
The lining system is sealed and also drainage layers are engineered to prevent the entry of water into the landfill to minimize the generation of leachates.
Pollution control is a term used in environmental management. It means the control of emissions and effluents into air, water, or soil. Without pollution control, the waste products from consumption, heating, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, transportation, and other human activities, whether they accumulate or disperse, will degrade the environment. Today heightened public awareness regarding the consequences of environmental pollution and stringent pollution control norms make it imperative that modern landfills have to be engineered to very demanding performance standards. Proper care has to be taken in material selection, system design, construction & testing.